What Is Glaucoma? Understanding This Silent Thief of Sight

Glaucoma is often referred to as the "silent thief of sight" due to its ability to progress without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss has occurred. This serious eye condition is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, affecting millions of people. At Fresh Pond Eye Care, we prioritize educating our patients about glaucoma, its risks, and the importance of early detection to protect your vision.
 

Understanding Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, which is essential for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage is often caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), though glaucoma can also occur with normal eye pressure.
 

There are two primary types of glaucoma:
 

• Open-Angle Glaucoma: The most common form, where the drainage canals of the eye gradually become less effective, leading to a buildup of fluid and increased pressure.
   

• Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A less common but more severe form, where the iris blocks the drainage canals, causing a rapid rise in eye pressure. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.
   

Other less common types include normal-tension glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma caused by injury or other conditions.
 

Symptoms of Glaucoma

One of the most challenging aspects of glaucoma is its lack of early symptoms. Many patients don’t realize they have the condition until they experience noticeable vision loss. However, certain signs can signal the presence of glaucoma:
 

• Gradual loss of peripheral vision
   

• Blurred or distorted vision
   

• Halos around lights
   

• Eye pain, redness, or discomfort (common in angle-closure glaucoma)
   

Risk Factors

Anyone can develop glaucoma, but some factors increase the risk:
 

• Age: The risk increases significantly after age 60.
   

• Family History: A history of glaucoma in the family raises your likelihood of developing the condition.
   

• Ethnicity: African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics have higher risks for certain types of glaucoma.
   

• Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and severe nearsightedness increase the risk.
   

• Eye Injuries: Trauma to the eye can lead to secondary glaucoma.
   

The Importance of Early Detection

Early detection is crucial for managing glaucoma and preventing vision loss. Regular comprehensive eye exams are the best way to detect glaucoma early, especially if you are at higher risk. During your exam, we use advanced diagnostic tools to measure intraocular pressure, assess the optic nerve, and evaluate your visual field.
 

Treatment Options

Although there is no cure for glaucoma, early treatment can slow its progression and preserve vision. Treatment options include:
 

• Medications: Eye drops or oral medications to reduce eye pressure.
   

• Laser Therapy: Procedures such as laser trabeculoplasty to improve fluid drainage.
   

• Surgery: Minimally invasive surgeries or traditional surgical procedures to enhance drainage or reduce pressure.
   

Partnering with Fresh Pond Eye Care for Your Eye Health

With regular comprehensive eye exams, early detection, and effective treatment, you can protect your eyesight and maintain your quality of life. At Fresh Pond Eye Care, we are here to support you every step of the way, offering personalized care and the latest advancements in glaucoma management.
 

Reach out to Fresh Pond Eye Care to schedule your glaucoma screening, and take the first step in preventing vision loss. Contact our office in Ridgewood, New York, by calling (646) 481-8579 or Click here to get in touch with us.